style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/B）Despite the importance of rainforests, deforestation practices continue. Though the term can apply to natural causes like forest fires, it’s commonly linked to human activities, like logging, agriculture and mining—all important for our economy. But by stripping (剥夺) the land of these resources, we must accept the consequences of our actions. Chopping down rainforests increases the likelihood of soil erosion, landslides and flooding. It also decreases biodiversity and medical resources. More than 25 percent of modem medicine is derived from rainforest plants, and only 1 percent of rainforest plant species have been studied for potential medicinal uses. Deforestation also destroys the homelands of indigenous cultures and affects the livelihoods of millions of other people, many of whom live in the world’s poorest regions.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/C）In an effort to counteract this destruction, conservation efforts are blossoming across the globe. Among these are reforestation projects, aimed at increasing the amount of living trees and physically linking remaining forests together, to combat habitat loss and prevent species extinction. There are many challenges facing these projects. Firstly, rainforests are full of ancient, gigantic trees; these aren’t the saplings you buy at your local nursery. Much of the action of a rainforest’s ecosystem takes place in the lofty upper reaches, which can present problems for reforestation efforts since towering trees take decades to grow. Secondly, rainforest trees closely rely on their evolutionary playmates—the surrounding flora and fauna—to create the delicate conditions needed to sustain functions such as nutrient cycles and pollination.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/D）So while rainforests provide a flourishing (欣欣向荣的) habitat for life, the success of that habitat relies on a fragile balance of ecological factors. Take away the trees and you have a major problem. But if the soil’s bacteria and other microorganisms (微生物), which break down the nutrient-rich organic matter that tumbles to the dark forest floor, are also eliminated, the rainforest is destroyed. If the insects and birds that act as critical pollinators go extinct, life will falter. So, can we push up our sleeves, grab a shovel, dig in and just start replanting the rainforests? To a certain extent, we can. However, while efforts at reforestation have significant value, they’re usually not as crucial as preserving existing rainforests. Rainforest conservation is just as important as trying to reforest other areas.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/E）Reforestation can be accomplished by nature, by humans or through a combination of the two. Some reforestation efforts focus on growing forests quickly because these woodlands are key to many of Earth’s natural cycles, such as the carbon and water cycles. Replanting deforested land with quick-growing exotic tree species, like eucalyptus or Australian acacia, can help solve immediate problems such as soil erosion and elevated carbon levels. However, exotic trees may make the land unsuitable for future rainforest cultivation by changing the soil’s original characteristics. Scientists need to study individual situations to determine what type of impact each foreign species will make on the area’s microbial life, and what the appropriate choices are for reforestation. On a positive note, fast-growing secondary forests and tree farms can replace primary forests as a source for agricultural and energy needs. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/F）A primary forest is basically one that’s undisturbed by humans and has suffered very few ecological disruptions (中断). There are several other names for a primary forest, such as old growth and primeval forest. A secondary forest is one that has regrown after a destructive event, like a fire or logging. Primary forests usually have much higher levels of biodiversity than secondary ones, which is part of the reason conservationists are trying to save old growth. In areas where deforestation is severe, remaining patches of primary forests are often located at great distances from other surviving rainforests or reforested regions. This makes animal survival and recolonization, as well as plant cross-pollination, difficult and can impede efforts to sustain actual rainforest ecology. Although the parcels of vegetative land can increase the chance of some species’ short-term survival, researchers say the species are likely doomed to extinction over the long term.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/G）One-way conservationists seek to protect rainforest species is to reforest the corridors of trees that lie between rainforest parcels. This gives plants and animals access to a larger habitat and the chance to mix with other populations, which can boost their genetic diversity and help prevent extinction through isolation for most species. Conservationists can help cultivate these arboreal arteries into supportable rainforest habitats by working to have these corridors widened. The wider the corridors are, the safer they become for migrating animals to use.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/H）It’s also important to reforest and enlarge areas adjacent to these surviving parcels. This provides an easy means for species to inhabit new territory and expand viable rainforest ecology. Researchers are exploring several options for improving and easing reforestation efforts. One inventive method involves bats. Installing man-made bat roosts in deforested areas can encourage these uniquely flight-enabled mammals (like the spectacled flying fox) to spread seeds and begin the process of rainforest regeneration. Activities like installing bat roosts are examples of how people are a part of natural reforestation efforts. Reforestation efforts are sprouting up all around the world. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/I）Numerous conservation groups are working to preserve, enlarge and connect the world’s rainforests. Let’s take a closer look at some of those projects. Rwanda’s government and various ecological groups are paying special attention to the Gishwati Forest Reserve. Once a vast rainforest, activities such as deforestation and refugee resettlement reduced it to a fraction of its original size around the turn of the century. Since then, reforestation has somewhat increased the size of the forest, but it remains a sliver of its original size. A project called the Rwandan National Conservation Park is gaining momentum, and those people involved with the project are working to bring the rainforest back and connect it with larger, surviving rainforests nearby. These individuals and organizations are looking to accomplish this through the use of wide tree corridors. They also plan to increase the acreage of the core forest and study the ecology of the forest’s animals, particularly its chimpanzees.

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    Just how much do people know about keeping their homes safe from burglary? Surprisingly, many of us make assumptions about home security that can actually increase our risk of a burglary by leaving us—and our homes—undefended. Here are some home-security myths and truths.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/A） A home-security system cannot stop a burglar from hitting your home. But it is a strong deterrent (威慑), making him think twice before targeting you. “Criminals have told me, when they were questioned, they had walked by three or four houses that had alarm stuck to their windows and then hit the one that didn’t,” says Const. Jim Caldwell of the Edmonton Police Service. That’s because setting off an alarm could mean a call to police. And if a thief does break in, he is less likely to make a thorough search of the house. “It’s going to be a smash-and-grab,” says Normand Fiset, president of the Quebec chapter of the Canadian Security Association. “Usually they’re in and out quickly.”
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/B） Research indicates that your house is 12 times more likely to be broken into again within the next month. Susan Hall’s Toronto home was burglarized a few years ago. “The police told us, ‘Don’t be surprised if they come back after you’ve replaced everything,’” she says. In her case they didn’t, but nevertheless she promptly put her most sentimental possessions in a security box. Make it a priority to assess your home security and take steps to enhance it. If you do replace stolen merchandise, don’t put the packaging boxes out on display for roadside pickup.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/C） “A lock is only as strong as the door and the door frame,” says Const. Donald Jenkins of the Halifax Regional Police. Steel doors are a good idea, too, but look for one with a solid-wood core, not a hollow door. And consider adding a solid-steel strip to the side of the door to prevent thieves from breaking the frame with an iron bar.Other steps make a difference. Install external lighting and keep bushes trimmed around doors and windows. The more visible a thief will be while breaking into your home, the tess likely it is that he’ll try. Beware-of-dog signs and locked gates also discourage criminals. And while it may seem obvious, if you do invest in good security features, make sure you actually use them. Caldwetl recently investigated a break-and- enter case in which “the guy had the best of locks, the best of alarm systems—and none of it was engaged.” 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/D） “Actually, the opposite is true,” says Ron Noiles, senior vice-president for personal-property insurance with Aviva Canada, a major sponsor of the Neighborhood Watch program. “Criminals look for neighborhoods where the goods are good. And those are typically the ones people believe they’re safe in.” If you take fewer safety precautions, like not locking your door, because you believe it’s unlikely you’ll suffer a break-in, you’re increasing the odds of your home becoming a target.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/It’s true that most thieves seek out unoccupied houses. But home burglary, in which criminals strike deliberately while people are home so they can let them in, do sometimes happen. “It is the most effective way of carrying out the theft because you know you won’t get surprised by the owners—you have them caught,” says Fiset. And when home invasions occur, almost half the homeowners end up injured, according to the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/E） While closed curtains at night do keep thieves from looking inside, during the day they may serve as an ideal cover for burglars. Opening curtains in daytime also makes it look as though someone is home. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/“There’s little I can do to reduce property crime in my neighborhood.”
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/Police experts say that getting to know your neighbors is a huge factor in combating break-ins. “If someone sees an unfamiliar car in your driveway or people moving secretly about your property, neighbors will be more inclined to call police,” says Jenkins. Consider getting involved with a local Neighborhood Watch group, or contact your local police department to set one up.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/F） Statistics show that houses with alarm systems are less likely to be broken into, and if they are, less property is stolen. And there’s an added bonus—Home-insurance companies typically offer a discount on your payment once you have a security system installed. Unmonitored alarms sound a siren (警报器) inside or outside your house and, if you’re lucky, alert a neighbor to trouble. A system that is monitored (at a cost of around $30 a month) will summon the police. The Canadian Security Association’s Normand Fiset recommends having the alarm monitored rather than relying on neighbors to act. “When is the last time you considered calling the cops when you heard a car alarm’ in a parking lot?” he reasons. He also points out that more and more cities and towns are banning outside sirens, and an alarm that sounds only inside the house does little good.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/G） If your alarm is monitored, its signal travels to the monitoring service, usually through your phone line. Service personnel will call the police when there’s a problem, often phoning your home first to ensure it’s not a false alarm. (If it is, you simply supply your password to cancel it.) In many regions, the homeowner is accountable for a fee if police are called needlessly. The physical components of an alarm system—motion detectors, magnetic door or window contacts, control panel—can be either hard-wired through your home or connected with wireless-radio signals. Be sure to check that the company installing the alarm is a member of a professional association and has any licenses required by your city or town.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/H） Magnetic contact at the doors and windows and glass-break detection will trip the alarm if the perimeter(周界) of the house is crossed. The alarm will be set off before the thief has set foot inside your home. Motion detectors inside are functioned if a person moves inside the home while the system is armed. Ensure that the system you select gives the option of arming the perimeter and motion sensors separately. That way, the alarm can alert you to any breaking-in even when you are home.
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/I） If you have a pet or are considering getting one, make sure your system is designed to pick up only the motion of humans. What if a thief cuts your phone line to prevent contact with the monitoring company? Although this doesn’t happen often, some systems now offer wireless-phone support. The newest technology even uses your Internet connection to send out a burglary alert.

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style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/Planning your trip: Where to stay
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/A） So you’ve finally decided to take advantage of some well-earned vacation time and visit Prague, the city of your dreams. Because you’ll be all by yourself, the planning of your trip is automatically different. One of the first questions worth attention is how you’re going to spend your time in the beautiful Czech Republic capital. Are you going on a shoestring budget, or would you rather go all-out and book a room in a fancy hotel?
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/B） Because traveling alone means your money is funding the trip, a wise choice would be to stay in youth hostels. Cast away the wrong idea that these places are uncomfortable and dirty, and accept the fact that hostels provide safe, clean, comfortable, and most importantly, cheap housing that millions of students and economical travelers take advantage of every year. It is relatively easy to book a room at a hostel via the Internet, and plenty of information is available about each one. On the other hand, if you can’t wait to take advantage of room service and a Jacuzzi bath, then turn to a hotel. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/C） Along with securing your accommodations, prepare a route of the journey for each day before you leave. This plan should include everything from visiting all the famous landmarks to some relaxation time, which is essential since you’ll be likely walking for miles in your comfortable shoes(invest in a good pair, it will pay off). As great as organization is, however, you may not, at times, have to be restrained by your plan so as to leave room for some sceneries unexpected or unplanned on your trip. That is exactly the beauty of traveling alone: You are your own master, and while preparation is key, there is always room to do something wild. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/Important information prior to takeoff
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/D） One of the hardest parts of traveling in general is coming up with a list of what you’ll need to bring with you(or leave behind). Thinking of these all-important items becomes all the more difficult(and necessary) when you have no one else to rely on. Whatever luggage you take, make sure it’s easy to handle. The best solution is to take one hold-all, be it a suitcase or a backpack, and then a smaller bag which you can hang loosely from your shoulder. It’s also a good idea to keep a change of clothing in your shoulder bag in case your suitcase or backpack gets lost by an airline or bus company. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/E） If you’re heading for a foreign country, don’t leave home without a bilingual dictionary. Although a strong grasp of Czech will prove quite difficult, it is still important to learn phrases like “thank you, ” “hello, ” “please, ” and “I didn’t know she charged money for her time, ” in case you’re in trouble. Make a copy of all essential travel documents such as your passport and health insurance. Keep the copies separate or leave them behind with someone you trust, in the event of an emergency. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/F） Along with cash, bring a credit card as an emergency method of payment and make sure to take note of your credit card company’s customer service line in case of loss or theft. That way, you can cancel your card immediately and have a new one delivered to you while on your trip(if possible). A book to enjoy on a train ride or on the beach, a journal to record your experiences, and maps to educate yourself on the layout of the land(you can get these from a tourism bureau), can make a world of a difference. With these things in mind and a positive spirit, you are now officially ready to set out on your own. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/G） You’ve taken the big step, said goodbye to family and friends, endured a long plane ride, and are finally in the place you dreamed of visiting…until now. You might be quite overwhelmed by your new surroundings, but there are ways to control these feelings of over-stimulation. Instead of being an outsider looking in, try to transform yourself into a relaxed traveler who is not held back by minor frustrations, such as long lines at the train station or delays in visiting hours of certain landmarks. If you planned accordingly, then you can afford to “waste” time at the busy tourist hotspots. Besides, you’re on vacation, and have nowhere to be! Another benefit of traveling alone is the ability to explore museums and engage in other time-consuming activities. There is no pressure to rush through exhibits or cut the visit short；pace yourself and take in the masterpieces, whether you’re art over or just a beginner. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/H） Make an effort to walk everywhere—within reason, of course. This will help you get in touch with the area(so to speak)and observe the locals in their element. Using your legs also allows you to find interesting shops and cafes more easily than if you were on some poor-quality tour bus. Your goal should be to blend in, something a well-designed(and perhaps overpriced)tour won’t likely offer. Wear loose, tight clothing because the more comfortable you feel, the more willing you will be to stay out an extra hour to explore a section you might have overlooked. Remain enthusiastic, relaxed and prepared, and the stories you will have to share upon your return will be priceless. 
style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/ style=margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);/I） Bring along a camera with lots of films. Leave your route with someone at home, along with the numbers of each place you’re staying at. It’s okay if your plans are sketchy, but if there is a big change in your plans, you might want to e-mail the new information to your “in case of emergency” person back home. Stay safe and keep an eye out when it comes to money or your belongings; you don’t have a companion to catch the pickpocket creeping up from behind. While having fun is important, so is safety. Be carefree, but don’t throw caution to the wind.