大学英语四级

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大学英语四级大学英语六级大学英语三级专四专八成人英语三级商务英语雅思 GRE

三、Part Ⅲ　Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section A The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops, for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a _____(1)recent addition to the beverage. This was mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a _____(2)ingredient in residue(残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots, funnels, amphorae, and stoves (stove fragment pictured). The different shapes of the containers _____(3)they were used to brew, filter, and store beer.They may be ancient “beer-making toolkits,” and the earliest _____(4)evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To _____(5)that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried _____(6)inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like millet and barley(大麦), and about 10% were bits of roots, _____(7)likely, would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasia and didn’t become a _____(8)food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they suggest barley may have _____(9)in the region not as food, but as_____(10)material for beer brewing beer.　　A.Arrived　　B.consuming　　C.direct　　D.exclusively　　E.including　　F.infrom　　G.raw　　H.reached　　I.relatively　　J.remains　　K.resources　　L.staple　　M.surprising　　N.suggest　　O.Test 答案解析
交易编码由12位数字构成，前（）位为会员号，后（）位为客户号。答案解析
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 答案解析
某铝型材厂决定利用铝期货进行买入套期保值。3月5日该厂在7月份到期的铝期货合约上建仓,成交价格为20600元/吨。此时铝锭的现货价格为20400元/吨。至6月5日,期货价格涨至21500元/吨,现货价格也上涨至21200元/吨。该厂按此现货价格购进铝锭,同时将期货合约对冲平仓。通过套期保值操作,该厂实际采购铝锭的成本是( )元/吨。答案解析
In order to host the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated,the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.　　In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia. Because of growing importance television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city’s time zone. Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.　　Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee----not the IOC or the NOC of the host city’s country to provide them with money. This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues, and corporate sponsorships,tickets sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many cases there is also direct government support.　　Although many cities have achieved amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. When the financial gains from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts. 答案解析
The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in1consumers largely determine what shall be produced by. spending their money, in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in2with other businessmen; and the profit motive operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers,3with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes.4together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.　　An important factor in a market-oriented5is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and6to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and7in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will he bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost,8will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.　　The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources( private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property9not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to10a free contract with an other private individual.A. whichB. tendC. makeD. turnE. embracesF. fallG. thisH. economyI. factorJ. thatK. locationL. respondedM. coupledN. competitionO. production 答案解析
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. We all know there exists a great void (空白) in the public educational system when it comes to ___26___ to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all __27__ of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to _ _28_ my own kids in.” She decided to start an afterschool program where children ___29___ in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state ___30___, she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and ___31___it. The global business EFK was born. Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to ___32___ recreation centers. Today, the EFK program ___33___over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not ___34___ enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great ___35___.” A) attracted B) career C) championships D) degrees E) developing F) enroll G) exposure H) feasibleI) feedingJ) graduating K) interestL) levelsM) localN) operatesO) participated 答案解析
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 答案解析
Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 答案解析
Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 答案解析
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 答案解析
Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higher starting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired. Studies show they’re also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too. “Say, you know, this is the best student I’ve ever had,” says Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist and diversity officer at Columbia University’s Lamont campus. “Compare those excellent letters with a merely good letter: ‘The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something that’s clearly solid praise,’ but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a kind.” Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student. They found that female applicants were only half as likely to get outstanding letters, compared with their male counterparts. That includes letters of recommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience. Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicants using the data in the files. But she says the results still suggest women in geoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less than out-standing letters of recommendation. “We're not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone consciously sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.” Which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves. 答案解析
下列行为中，不能构成非法经营罪的是()。答案解析
If our society ever needed a reading renaissance(复兴), it’s now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading1have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teenager magazine, that would have2.” laments a director of research and analysis. He3the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would-be leisure readers to E-mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.　　“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You. Video games4problem- solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by 5 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from6vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”　　In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data7last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long-term trend assessment, the number of 17-year-olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun8from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the9of 17-year-olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.　　This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation’s youth have10constant over the past two decades (with an encouraging upswing among 9-year-olds). But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.A. percentB. remainedC. roseD. ratesE. percentageF. countedG. relievedH. presentI. BelievingJ. releasedK. forcedL. improveM. StylesN. buildingO. attributes 答案解析
If our society ever needed a reading renaissance(复兴), it’s now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading1have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teenager magazine, that would have2.” laments a director of research and analysis. He3the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would-be leisure readers to E-mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.　　“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You. Video games4problem- solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by 5 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from6vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”　　In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data7last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long-term trend assessment, the number of 17-year-olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun8from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the9of 17-year-olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.　　This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation’s youth have10constant over the past two decades (with an encouraging upswing among 9-year-olds). But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.A. percentB. remainedC. roseD. ratesE. percentageF. countedG. relievedH. presentI. BelievingJ. releasedK. forcedL. improveM. StylesN. buildingO. attributes 答案解析
It’s an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that every evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards,1are throwing the books at kids. Even elementary school students are, complaining of homework2 What’s a well- meaning, parent to do?　　As hard, as it may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, by helping too much, or even examining answers too carefully, you may keep them3 doing it by themselves. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every4assignment,” says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework: There’s a tack of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children5 the grade they deserve.　　Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their mistakes. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be 6. ” she says.　　That’s not to say parents should ignore homework--first, they should monitor how much homework their kids7. Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in8 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “no more than an hour and a half,” and two for high school students. If your child9 has more homework than this, you may want to check 10 other parents and then talk to the teacher about reducing assignments.A. educationB. fatigueC. standardD. perfectE. fromF. singleG. acquireH. withI. schoolJ. earnK. refuseL. constantlyM. withN. gradesO. have 答案解析
It’s an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that every evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards,1are throwing the books at kids. Even elementary school students are, complaining of homework2 What’s a well- meaning, parent to do?　　As hard, as it may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, by helping too much, or even examining answers too carefully, you may keep them3 doing it by themselves. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every4assignment,” says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework: There’s a tack of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children5 the grade they deserve.　　Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their mistakes. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be 6. ” she says.　　That’s not to say parents should ignore homework--first, they should monitor how much homework their kids7. Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in8 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “no more than an hour and a half,” and two for high school students. If your child9 has more homework than this, you may want to check 10 other parents and then talk to the teacher about reducing assignments.A. educationB. fatigueC. standardD. perfectE. fromF. singleG. acquireH. withI. schoolJ. earnK. refuseL. constantlyM. withN. gradesO. have 答案解析
客户下达的交易指令( )，期货公司未予拒绝而进行交易造成客户的损失，由期货公司承担赔偿责任，客户予以追认的除外。答案解析
A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs，Xbox，anime and gaming arcades，reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite.　　Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read，then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports，your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class，the essence of the book.　　B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to，the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so，not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam，a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you，a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.　　C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich，for example，a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise，red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob.　　viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report.　　It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters，the setting of the book，the plot，and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports，they can staple the book sandwich together and then，you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.　　D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read，there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object，which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin—off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.　　E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class.To give a deeper insight into the book，one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group，the students can try and recreate the thought Drocess of the author.The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at lmportant iunctllres and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.　　F.As a voung adult，your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book.　　He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written，the times then，the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book.Encourage your students to mink on those lines.Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read.Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist.You can have an interview session in front of the class.enabling them to dissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.　　G.In a technology—obsessed world，it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the Drospect of shooting a film.One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school， you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that thev have been assigned，into a film.The movie should have a well—adapted screenplay,and allother prerequisites，like a lighting engineer,sound engineer, costume designer,etc.At the end of the given time，the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.　　H.If you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas，then this one could be for you.Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary,from the author’sDoint of vie w.Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner.Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.　　I)、These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas.As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative .Encourage your students to mink om of the box and appreciate them for their efforts.This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words. 答案解析
期货交易所有下列( )行为的，责令改正，给予警告，没收违法所得，并处罚款。答案解析